µÚÒ»ÕÂ Òý ÑÔ

[ÂÛÎÄÖ÷Ò³] [¡ì1.1] [¡ì1.2] [¡ì1.3] [¡ì1.4] [¡ì1.5] [²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×] [µÚ¶þÕÂ]

¡ì1.1 ±¾¹¤×÷µÄÄ¿µÄºÍÒâÒå

      ÓÉÓÚ½ð¸ÕʯÓÐÐí¶àÌØÊâ¶øÓÅÔ½µÄÐÔÖÊ(Ïê¼û¡ì1.2½Ú)£¬ÈËÀ೤ÆÚÒÔÀ´Ò»Ö±
  ¶ÔËü½øÐÐÑо¿£¬ÒÔÆÚ³ä·ÖÀûÓ᣽üÄêÀ´£¬»¯Ñ§ÆøÏà³Á»ý½ð¸ÕʯµÄÑо¿È¡µÃÁ˺Ü
  ´ó½øÕ¹£¬ÔÚijЩ·½ÃæÒÑ´ïµ½ÁËʵÓý׶Ρ£ÈçÒѾ­·¢Õ¹Á˺ܶàÖÖ·½·¨£¬²¢»ñµÃÏà
  µ±¿É¹ÛµÄÉú³¤Ëٶȣ¬ÓÃ΢²¨µÈÀë×ÓÌ廯ѧÆøÏà³Á»ý·¨½â¾öÁËÔÚ¾µÃæÅ×¹â¹è³Äµ×
  ÉϵĸßÃܶÈÐκˣ¬²¢ÓÉ´ËʵÏÖÁËÔÚµ¥¾§¹è±íÃæÉϵÄÒìÖÊÍâÑÓÉú³¤£¬Í¬Ê±£¬½ð¸Õ
  ʯÉú³¤»úÀí·½ÃæÒ²ÓÐÁËһЩ³õ²½ÈÏʶ¡£È»¶ø£¬ÉдæÔÚÐí¶àÎÊÌâؽ´ý½â¾ö£¬Èç½ð
  ¸ÕʯµÄ¾§ÐÎÏÔ¶¹æÂÉÖÚ˵·×ÔÆ£¬½ð¸ÕʯÔÚÒìÖÊ»ùµ×ÉϵÄÐκ˻úÀíÉв»Çå³þ£¬¹è
  ÉϽð¸ÕʯÍâÑÓÔÚÈÈË¿»¯Ñ§ÆøÏà³Á»ýϵͳÖеÄʵÏÖÉÐδÓб¨µ¼(ÔÚ±¾¹¤×÷֮ǰ)£¬
  µ¥¾§½ð¸Õʯ±¡Ä¤µÄÉú³¤ÉÐδ»ñµÃ³É¹¦¡£±¾¹¤×÷Ö¼ÔÚÔÚÕâЩ¹ú¼ÊÇ°ÑØÁìÓò½øÐÐÑÐ
  ¾¿¡£×÷Õßͨ¹ý´óÁ¿Ï¸ÖµÄʵÑ飬Ñо¿Á˽ð¸Õʯ¾§ÐÎÏÔ¶ËæÖ÷ҪʵÑé²ÎÊýµÄ±ä»¯
  ¹æÂÉ£»ÔÚÈÈ˿ϵͳÖзֱ𿪴´ºÍ·¢Õ¹Á˼«µÍѹÐκ˷¨ºÍµç×Ó·¢ÉäÔöÇ¿Ðκ˷¨£¬
  ²¢ÊµÏÖÁ˾µÃæÅ׹ⵥ¾§¹è±íÃæÉϵĸßÃܶÈÐκ˼°ÍâÑÓÉú³¤£»Óø߷ֱæ͸Éäµç×Ó
  ÏÔ΢¾µ¹Û²ìµ½Á˺ܴóÇøÓòÄÚ½ð¸ÕʯÔÚ¹èÉϵÄÖ±½ÓÍâÑÓ£¬ÒÔ¼°ÓÉÓÚ¾§¸ñʧÅäÒýÆð
  µÄСʧÅä½Ç£»Í¬Ê±ÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÉÏÊ״ι۲쵽ÁËÒì³£µÄÐýת45¡ãÈ¡ÏòµÄ¹èÉϽð¸ÕʯÍâ
  ÑÓ¡£´ËÍ⣬×÷ÕßÓÃʵÑé·ñ¶¨ÁËÄ¿Ç°¹ú¼ÊÉÏͨÐеÄÓйظºÆ«Ñ¹Ðκ˵ĻúÀí½âÊÍ£¬
  ½¨Á¢ÁËÒ»¸öÓÐЧµÄÐκËÄ£ÐÍ¡£ÓÉÓÚÈÈË¿·¨×÷ΪÖ÷Òª»¯Ñ§ÆøÏà½ð¸Õʯ³Á»ý·½·¨Ö®
  Ò»ÓÐÐí¶àÓŵ㣬Èç×°Öüòµ¥£¬ÒËÓÚʵÏÖ´óÃæ»ýÉú³¤µÈ(Ïê¼û¡ì1.5½Ú)£¬ ÕâÒ»¹¤
  ×÷²»½öÔÚÀíÂÛÉÏ£¬¶øÇÒÔÚʵÓÃÉϾùÓÐÖØ´óÒâÒå¡£

¡ì1.2 ½ð¸ÕʯµÄÖ÷ÒªÐÔÖʼ°ÆäÓ¦ÓÃ

½ð¸Õʯ¾ßÓкܶàÌØÊâÐÔÖÊ(±¾½ÚÖ÷Ҫȡ×ÔÎÄÏ×[1-4])¡£ÔÚËùÓвÄÁÏÖУ¬½ð ¸Õʯ¾ßÓÐ×î¸ßµÄÓ²¶È£¬×î¸ßµÄÈȵ¼ÂÊ£¬×î¸ßµÄ´«ÉùËٶȣ¬ÒÔ¼°Ð¡µÄ½éµç³£Êý£» ¼ÈÊǵçµÄ¾øÔµÌ壬ÓÖÊÇÈȵÄÁ¼µ¼Ì壬¶ø²ôÔÓºóÓֿɳÉΪ׿ԽµÄPÐÍ»òNÐÍ°ëµ¼Ì壬 ÓдóµÄ¿ÕѨǨÒÆÂÊ£¬¶Ô¿É¼û¹âºÍºìÍâ·øÉä͸Ã÷¡£ÕâЩÓÅÔ½ÐÔÖÊÊÇÓëÆ侧¸ñ½á¹¹ ·Ö²»¿ªµÄ¡£Í¼1.1Êǽð¸ÕʯµÄ¿Õ¼ä¾§¸ñµÄÒ»¸ö¾§°û£¬ÎªÃæÐÄÁ¢·½µãÕó(FCC)£¬Æä ¾§¸ñ̼ԭ×Ӱ뾶С£¬»¯Ñ§¼üÇ¿£¬ÅÅÁнô´Õ£¬¾§¸ñ³£ÊýΪa=3.5667Ao£¬¿Õ¼äȺΪ Fd3m. ÕâЩΪ½ð¸ÕʯµÄÌØÊâÐÔÖÊÌṩÁË»ù´¡¡£´ËÍ⻹ÓÐËùνÁù·½½ð¸Õʯ£¬Ë×³Æ Lonsdaleite£¬±È½ÏÉÙ¼û¡£±¾ÎÄËùÌáµ½µÄ½ð¸Õʯ£¬³ý·ÇÌØÖ¸³ö,Ò»°ã¾ùÖ¸Á¢·½½ð ¸Õʯ¡£Í¼1.2·Ö±ð¸ø³öÁ˽ð¸Õʯ(Diamond)£¬Áù·½½ð¸Õʯ(Lonsdaleite)ºÍʯī (Graphite)µÄÔ­×ÓÅÅÁÐʾÒâͼ¡£±í1.1ÁгöÁËDiamondºÍLonsdaleiteµÄ¾§Ìåѧ Êý¾Ý¡£

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Í¼1.1 Á¢·½½ð¸ÕʯµÄ¾§°û¿Õ¼ä½á¹¹Ê¾Òâͼ

ͼ1.2 (a)½ð¸Õʯ£¬(b)Áù·½½ð¸Õʯ ºÍ (c)ʯīµÄÔ­×ÓÅÅÁÐʾÒâͼ¡£¾ùÓÉÁù Ô­×Ó»·¹¹³É(ÒõÓ°Çø)£¬¸Ã»··Ö±ð³Ê(a)ÒÎ×ÓÐΣ¬(b)´¬ÐÎ ºÍ(c)ƽÃæÕýÁù±ßÐΡ£

          ±í1.1  ½ð¸ÕʯºÍÁù·½½ð¸ÕʯµÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹Êý¾Ý
      ©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥
        ÐÔÖÊ                    ½ð¸Õʯ                   Áù·½½ð¸Õʯ
      ©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
      ¶Ô³ÆÐÔ                    Á¢·½                      Áù·½
      ¿Õ¼äȺ                    Fd3m                     P63/mmc
      ÿ¾§°ûÔ­×ÓÊý              8                        4
      Ô­×ÓλÖà           (0,0,0),(1/2,1/2,0)             (0,0,0),(0,0,3/8) 
                         (0,1/2,1/2),(1/2,0,1/2)         (1/3,2/3,1/3)
                         (1/4,1/4,1/4),(3/4,3/4,1/4)     (1/3,2/3,7/8)
                         (1/4,3/4,3/4),(3/4,1/4,3/4)
      ¾§°û³£Êý(298K)(Ao)        3.5667                   a=2.52, c=4.12
      ÀíÂÛÃܶÈ(298K)(g/cm3)     3.5153                   3.52
      C-C¼ü³¤(Ao)               1.5445                   1.54
      ©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥
      * An image file of this table is available. 

Ò»¡¢Á¦Ñ§ºÍÈÈѧÐÔÖÊ

      1.Ó²¶È: ŬÊÏÓ²¶È(Knoop hardness)¿É´ï10,400kg/mm2£¬ÎªÒÑÖª²ÄÁÏÖÐ×î
  Ó²µÄ¡£Æä´ÎΪµª»¯Åð(Boron nitride)£¬Ö»ÓÐ4,500kg/mm2. ¿ÉÓÃ×÷ÄÍĥͿ²ã£¬
  ÇÐÏ÷¹¤¾ß£¬Ä¥ÁÏ£¬×êÍ·µÈ¡£
  ¡¡¡¡2.Èȵ¼ÂÊ: ÌìÈ»½ð¸Õʯ´ï20W/cm.K, ΪËùÓÐÎïÖÊÖÐ×î¸ßÕß, (ÀíÂÛÉÏ£¬Á¢
  ·½µª»¯Åð(cBN)¿É´ï13W/cm.K, ½ö´ÎÓÚ½ð¸Õʯ), ±ÈSiC´ó4±¶, ±ÈSi´ó13±¶, ±È
  GaAs´ó43±¶, ÊÇCuºÍAgµÄ4-5±¶; ¿¿¾§¸ñÉù×Óµ¼ÈÈ(Ò»°ã¿¿µç×Óµ¼ÈÈ)¡£¿ÉÓÃ×÷
  É¢ÈÈÆ÷»òÈȽ»»»Æ÷¡¢ÈȳÁ£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚ´ó¹¦Âʵç×ÓÆ÷¼þÁìÓò¡£
  ¡¡¡¡3.Ħ²ÁϵÊý: ½Ó½ü¾ÛËÄ·úÒÒÏ©(teflon)£¬¿ÕÆøÖÐΪ0.05£­0.10. Ò»°ãÈó»¬
  ÓýðÊôºÍʯīΪ0.10. ¿ÉÓÃÓÚÖá³ÐµÄÄÍĥͿ²ãµÈ£¬ÎÞÐèÈ󻬼Á¡£
      4.ÑîÊÏÄ£Á¿: 10.5¡Á1011N/m2£¬ÎªÎïÖÊÖÐ×î¸ß£¬ÊÇWµÄ3±¶£¬×îÓÅÖʸֵÄ
  5.25±¶£¬Al2O3µÄ2±¶¡£ÆäÌåÄ£Á¿Îª4.42¡Á1011Pa/m2. 
      5.ÉùѧÐÔÖÊ: ´«ÉùËÙ¶È×î¿ì£¬Îª18.2km/s. ÊÇAl2O3µÄÁù±¶.¿É×÷Éùѧ´«¸Ð
  Æ÷¼°¸ß±£ÕæÑïÉùÆ÷Í¿²ã¡£
      6.ÈÈÅòÕÍϵÊý: 193KʱΪ0.4¡Á10-6/K£¬293KʱΪ0.8¡Á10-6/K,400-1200Kʱ
  Ϊ(1.5-4.8)¡Á10-6/K£¬¿É¿¹Î¶ȵľçÁұ仯.
      7.Debye ζÈ: T>600Kʱ£¬1880K.
      8.µÈѹĦ¶ûÈÈÈÝCp: 1800K£¬24.7J/(mol.K)£»3000Kʱ£¬26.3J/(mol.K)
      9.ʯīÏò½ð¸Õʯת±ä(298K): ìʱäΪ¡÷H=1.895kJ/mol, ×ÔÓÉÄܱäΪ 
  2.900kJ/mol£¬ìرäΪ-3.363J/(K.mol). 
     10.2000KʱƽºâѹÁ¦: 6.4¡Á109Pa£¬¸ÃζÈÏÂÏà±äÌå»ý±ä»¯Îª1.4cm3/mol. 

¶þ¡¢»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ

  ¡¡¡¡ÊÒÎÂʱ¿¹ËùÓÐËá¡¢¼î¼°ÈܼÁ£¬¼´Ê¹ÔÚ¸ßÎÂʱ£¬Ò²¿¹ËùÓеÄËḯʴ¡£427¡æ
  ʱÈÛÈÚµÄÏõËáÄƿɸ¯Ê´½ð¸Õʯ±íÃ棬NaClO4µÈÇ¿Ñõ»¯¼Á¿ÉÔÚ¸üµÍµÄζÈÏ¿ÌÊ´
  ½ð¸Õʯ, 625¡æʱ£¬Ô­×ÓÑõ(O)¿Éʹ½ð¸Õʯ±íÃæ±äºÚ¡£½ð¸Õʯ720¡æÔÚ´¿ÑõÖÐȼ
  ÉÕ, 850¡æÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖÐȼÉÕ¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬³ý¸ßÄÜÁ¿Á£×ÓÍ⣬ÔÚ1000¡æÒÔÏ£¬ Ö»ÓÐÇ¿
  Ñõ»¯¼Á²ÅÄÜÓÐЧµØ¸¯Ê´½ð¸Õʯ¡£ÔÚ¸ü¸ßµÄζÈÏ£¬ÓÐÁ½ÀàÎïÖʿɸ¯Ê´½ð¸Õʯ£¬
  Ò»ÀàÒ×ÐγÉ̼»¯ÎÈçW£¬Ta£¬Zr£¬Ti£¬SiµÈ£¬ÁíÒ»Àà¿ÉÈܽâ̼£¬ÈçÈÛÈÚµÄNi£¬
  Fe£¬Co£¬Mn£¬PtµÈ¡£¸ü¸ßµÄζÈÏ£¬O2¡¢CO¡¢CO2¡¢H2¡¢H2OºÍCl2¿ÉÒÔ¿ÌÊ´½ð
  ¸Õʯ¡£ÔÚÕæ¿ÕÖУ¬1500¡æÒÔÉϽð¸Õʯ¿ªÊ¼Ïòʯīת±ä¡£

      ¿É¼û£¬½ð¸Õʯ¼«ÆäÎȶ¨£¬¿ÉÓÃ×÷¿¹¸¯Ê´·À»¤²ã¡£

  ¡¡¡¡´ËÍ⣬½ð¸Õʯ¿¹·øÉäÄÜÁ¦¼«ºÃ£¬¿ÉÒÔÔڸ߷øÉäµÄ¶ñÁÓ»·¾³Öй¤×÷¡£

Èý¡¢¹âѧ¼°µçѧÐÔÖÊ

  ¡¡¡¡½ð¸Õʯ½éµç³£ÊýС£¬Òò¶ø¹âѧÕÛÉäÂÊҲС¡£ÔÚ 0.656¦Ìm-0.486¦ÌmÖ®¼äΪ
  2.41-2.44. ͸¹â·¶Î§¿í£¬¶Ô0.22-2.5¦Ìm¼°6¦ÌmÒÔÉϹâ·øÉä͸Ã÷£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÃ×÷¹â
  ѧ´°¿Ú¡¢¾µÍ·ºÍÍ¿²ã£¬¿ÉʵÏÖ¸ß͸¹ýÂÊ£¬¾ßÓп¹¸ßΣ¬¿¹¸¯Ê´£¬»úеǿ¶È´óµÈ
  Óŵ㡣

  ¡¡¡¡½ð¸Õʯ¿ÉÒÔ·¢Éä0.430¦ÌmµÄÀ¼¹â£¬¿É×÷À¼¹âµÆ£¬ÏÔʾÆ÷µÈ¡£

  ¡¡¡¡½ð¸ÕʯµÄ½û´ø¿í´ï5.45eV£¬µç×Ó/¿ÕѨǨÒÆÂÊ´ï2000/1800cm2/(V.s)£¬µç
  ×èÂÊ´ï1014¦¸.m£¬½éµç³£Êý5.7£¬»÷´©µçѹ109V/m£¬Ç¿³¡Ïµç×ÓËÙÂÊ2.7¡Á105
  m/s,¹¦º¯Êý(pÐÍ)Ϊ 4.8eV. ¿ÉÓÃ×÷·øÉä̽²âÆ÷£¬¾§Ìå¹Ü£¬¼¯³Éµç·µÈµç×ÓÆ÷¼þ¡£
        ¡¡±í1.2  ½ð¸ÕʯºÍGaAs¡¢¦Â-SiC¡¢Si µÄµçѧÐÔÖʱȽÏ
        ©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥
            ÐÔÖÊ               ½ð¸Õʯ       GaAs     ¦Â-SiC       Si  
        ©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
        ¾§¸ñ³£Êý(Ao)           3.567                 4.358      5.430
        ÃܶÈ(g/cm33)            3.515                 3.216      2.328
        ÈÈÅòÕÍϵÊý(10-6/K)     1.1                   4.7        2.6   
        ÈÛµã(¡æ)               4000                  2540       1420  
        ½û´ø¿í¶È(eV)           5.45         1.43     3.0        1.1
        µç×ÓǨÒÆÂÊ(cm2/(V.s))  2000         8500     400        1500
        ¿ÕѨǨÒÆÂÊ(cm2/(V.s))  1800         400      50         600
        µç×èÂÊ(¦¸.m)           1014         107      1.5        10
        »÷´©µç³¡(108V/m)       10           6        4          0.3 
        ½éµç³£Êý               5.7          12.5     9.7        11.8  
        ÕÛÉäÂÊ                 2.42         3.54     2.65       3.5  
        ¹¦º¯Êý(eV)             4.8(pÐÍ)     4.7                 4.8  
        ±¥ºÍµç×ÓËÙ¶È(105m/s)   2.7          1.0      2.5        1.0   
        Èȵ¼ÂÊ(W/(cm.K))       20                    5          1.5   
        ÎüÊÕ±ß(¦Ìm)            0.2                   0.4        1.4
        Ó²¶È(1011N/m2)         10.4                  3.5        1.0 
        JohnsonÓÅÁ¼¶È
          (1023W.¦¸/s2)        73,856                10,240     9.0
        KeyesÓÅÁ¼¶È
          (104W/(m.s.K))       444                   90.3       13.8  
        ©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥
        * An image file of this table is available.
      ´ËÍ⣬½ð¸Õʯ»¹¿É±íÏÖ³ö¸ºµç×ÓÇ׺ÏÊÆ(NEA)£¬¿ÉÖÆ×÷ÀäÒõ¼«Æ÷¼þ£¬ ´óÆÁ
  Ä»ÏÔʾµÈ¡£

¡¡¡¡±í1.2ÁгöÁ˽ð¸ÕʯºÍ¼¸ÖÖÖ÷Òª°ëµ¼ÌåµÄÐÔÖÊ¡£

¡¡¡¡ÖµµÃÖ¸³ö£¬½ð¸Õʯ²»½öÔÚÉÏÊö¸÷¶ÀÁ¢ÁìÓò¾ßÓÐÓÅÔ½µÄÐÔÖÊ£¬¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇÆä ¸÷ÖÖÐÔÖʵÄ×éºÏ£¬Ê¹µÃÆä³ÉΪ²»¿ÉÌæ´úµÄÌØÊâÎïÖÊ¡£ÕâÒ²ÕýÊÇÈËÃÇÈÈÖÔÓÚÑо¿ ½ð¸ÕʯµÄÔ­ÒòºÍÒâÒåËùÔÚ¡£

¡ì1.3 »¯Ñ§ÆøÏà³Á»ý½ð¸ÕʯĤµÄ¼ø¶¨

  ¡¡¡¡Í¨³£È·¶¨½ð¸ÕʯĤÓÐÏÂÁÐÖ÷Òª¹¤¾ß£¬¼ò½éÈçÏ£º

  ¡¡¡¡1. ɨÃèµç×ÓÏÔ΢¾µ(SEM): Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚ½ð¸ÕʯĤ±íÃæÐÎòÒÔ¼°¶ÏÃæÐÎòµÄ¹Û
  ²ì£¬¿ÉÈ·¶¨½ð¸ÕʯĤµÄÐκËÃܶȣ¬¾§Á£³ß´ç£¬¾§ÐΣ¬ÒÔ¼°Ä¤µÄÈ¡Ïò¶È£¬Ö¯¹¹£¬
  ĤÓë»ùµ×µÄ¹ý¶ÈÁª½á£¬Ä¤ºñµÈÐÅÏ¢¡£

  ¡¡¡ 2. ¼¤¹âÀ­Âü¹âÆ×(Raman Shift): Ö÷Òª¸ù¾ÝÑùÆ·Éù×ÓÆ×µÈ×¼Á£×Ó¼¤·¢¶Ô¼¤
  ¹âµÄÀ­ÂüÉ¢ÉäËù²úÉúµÄ¼¤¹âÀ­ÂüÏàÒÆ£¬È·¶¨½ð¸ÕʯµÄÖÊÁ¿¡£Í¨³£¹Û²ì½ð¸ÕʯµÄ
  Ò»¼¶Éù×ÓÏàÒÆ(1332cm-1). ÓÉÓÚÀ­ÂüÏàÒƶÔsp2 ÔÓ»¯µÄʯī¼°·Ç¾§Ì¼µÈµÄÃô¸Ð
  ³Ì¶ÈԼΪ¶Ô½ð¸ÕʯÃô¸Ð³Ì¶ÈµÄ50±¶£¬ËùÒÔºÜÈÝÒ×̽²âµ½Ä¤Öм´Ê¹ÊÇÉÙÁ¿µÄ·Ç½ð
  ¸Õʯ̼³É·Ö¡£

  ¡¡¡¡3. XÉäÏßÑÜÉä(X-ray diffraction): ÓÃÀ´È·¶¨ÑùÆ·µÄ½ð¸ÕʯÎïÐÔ£¬ Ö¯¹¹
  Çé¿ö£¬È¡ÏòÐÔ¡£³ý³£¹æµÄ±¡Ä¤ÑÜÉäÍ⣬ͨ³£»¹½øÐаڶ¯ÇúÏß(Rocking curve)¡¢
  ¼«Í¼(pole figure)µÈ·ÖÎö¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬XÉäÏß²»ÄܲâÁ¿Ä¤ÖеķǾ§³É·Ö£¬Òò¶ø²»ÄÜ
  È·¶¨½ð¸ÕʯĤµÄÖÊÁ¿¡£

  ¡¡¡¡4. ¸ß·Ö±æ͸Éäµç×ÓÏÔ΢¾µ(HRTEM): Ö÷Òª·ÖÎö½ð¸ÕʯĤÓë»ùµ×µÄ½çÃ澧¸ñ
  Ïñ, ¿Éͨ¹ý¾§¸ñ¼ä¾àÈ·¶¨ÎïÖÊÖÖÀ࣬²¢Óɴ˸ø³ö½çÃ洦ĤÓë»ùµ×Ïà½ÓµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬
  Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓëÐκ˼°ÍâÑÓµÄÑо¿¡£

      5. ¶íЪµç×ÓÄÜÆ×(AES): Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚ·ÖÎö±¡Ä¤±íÃ棬¿ÉÈ·¶¨±íÃæ³É·Ö£¬Èç½ð
  ¸Õʯ¡¢Ê¯Ä«¡¢SiCµÈ¡£

  ¡¡¡¡6. X ÉäÏß¹âµç×ÓÆ×(XPS): ¿ÉÓÃÓÚ·ÖÎö±¡Ä¤±íÃæµÄ»¯Ñ§ÔªËؼ°¼Û̬£¬¿ÉÓÃ
  ÓÚÐκ˳õÆÚ¼°½çÃæÑо¿¡£

¡ì1.4 »¯Ñ§ÆøÏà³Á»ý½ð¸ÕʯĤÑо¿¸Å¿ö

      ÓÉÓÚ½ð¸ÕʯµÄÓÅÔ½ÐÔÖÊ£¬³¤ÆÚÒÔÀ´ËüÒ»Ö±³ÉΪÈËÃǸÐÐËȤµÄÑо¿¶ÔÏó¡£Ôç
  ÔÚ1772Ä꣬·¨¹ú»¯Ñ§¼ÒAntoine L. Lavoisier·¢ÏÖ½ð¸ÕʯȼÉյIJúÎïÊÇCO2[1
  ,5]£¬1792Ä꣬S.Tennant·¢ÏÖ½ð¸ÕʯÊÇ̼µÄÒ»ÖֽᾧÐÎ̬[6]¡£1880Ä꣬J. B.
  Hanney´Óﮡ¢¹Ç·ÛºÍ¿óÎïÓÍÔÚ¸ÉÔïµÄÌú¹ÜÖмÓÈȺϳÉÁ˽ð¸Õʯ£¬ÏÖ³ÂÁÐÓÚ´óÓ¢
  ²©Îï¹Ý[1]¡£1893Ä꣬Henry Moisson·¢Õ¹ÁËÒ»ÖÖ·½·¨£¬Óõç¼ÓÈȯ¼ÓÈÈÌÇ¡¢Ä¾
  Ì¿ºÍÌúÖÁÈÛÈÚ£¬È»ºóÓÃË®¼±Àä»ñµÃ½ð¸Õʯ[1]¡£¶þÊ®ÊÀ¼ÍËÄÊ®Äê´ú£¬ ¹þ·ð´óѧ
  µÄPercy BridgmanÖ¸³ö¿ÉÒÔÓõç¼ÓÈȽáºÏ¸ßѹÀ´ºÏ³É¸ßÖÊÁ¿½ð¸Õʯ[1]¡£ ÈÈÁ¦
  ѧµÄ¼ÆËãΪ¸ßθßѹ(HTHP)ºÏ³É½ð¸ÕʯÌṩÁËÀíÂÛÒÀ¾Ý¡£1954Ä꣬ÓýðÊô×÷ÈÛ
  ¼ÁºÍ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ¸ßθßѹºÏ³É½ð¸Õʯ»ñµÃÁ˳ɹ¦[1,7]¡£Ö±µ½½ñÌ죬 ¸ßθßѹ·¨
  Ò»Ö±ÊÇÈ˹¤ºÏ³É½ð¸ÕʯµÄÒ»¸öÖ÷Òª·½·¨¡£

¡¡¡¡ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬µÍѹºÏ³É½ð¸ÕʯµÄÀúÊ·²¢²»±È¸ßθßѹ·¨Íí¡£µÚÒ»ÀýµÍѹÆøÏàºÏ ³É½ð¸ÕʯÓÉVon BoltonÓÚ1911Ä걨µ¼[8]£¬È»¶øδÒýÆð×¢Òâ¡£´Ëºó£¬ ̼»¯ÎïÁª ºÏ¹«Ë¾(Union Carbide Corp.)µÄW.G.EversoleÓÚ1952-1953ÄêÔÚµÍѹÏÂÔÚ½ð¸Õ ʯ×Ѿ§Éϳɹ¦µØÉú³¤Á˽ð¸Õʯ£¬²¢µÃµ½ÁËÖظ´½á¹û[3,9,10]¡£¼¸ºõͬʱ£¬Èðµä ÈËH.LianderÓÚ1953ÄêºÏ³ÉÁ˵Íѹ½ð¸Õʯ[10,11]¡£×Ô 1956 ÄêÆ𣬠ËÕÁªÈË B. DeryaginÔÚµÍѹºÏ³É½ð¸Õʯ·½Ãæ½øÐÐÁ˳¤ÆÚ´óÁ¿µÄ¹¤×÷[10,12]¡£ ×ʼÓÃÒ» ÖÖ½ðÊô´ß»¯Æø£­Òº£­¹Ì¹ý³ÌÉú³¤½ð¸Õʯ¾§Ð룬ËæºóÑо¿ÁË´Ó̼Ç⻯ºÏÎïÒÔ¼°Ì¼ Ç⻯ºÏÎïºÍÇâÆøµÄ»ìºÏÎïÖеÄÍâÑÓÉú³¤£¬ÒÔ¼°²»Í¬ÐÎʽµÄÆøÏàÊäÔË·´Ó¦¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ ¶Ô½ð¸ÕʯºÍʯīµÄÐκËËÙÂʽøÐÐÀíÂÛ̽Ë÷[13]¡£1975ÄêËûÃÇÔÚ¡¶¿ÆѧÃÀ¹úÈË¡· (Scientific American)Éϵı¨µÀ¸ø³öµÄÉú³¤ËÙÂÊÖ»ÓÐÿСʱ¼¸¸ö°£(¡«Ao/h)£¬ ¶øÇÒͬʱÓдóÁ¿Ê¯Ä«Ì¼(graphitic carbon)Éú³É[14]¡£ÃÀ¹úÔçÆÚµÄÑо¿Çé¿öÓë ´ËÀàËÆ¡£1958Äê, W.G.Eversole»ñµÃÒ»ÏîµÍѹºÏ³É½ð¸ÕʯµÄרÀû£¬Í¬ÑùËÙÂ漆 µÍ£¬ÇÒÓдóÁ¿Ê¯Ä«Ì¼[9]¡£ÁùÊ®Äê´úºÍÆßÊ®Äê´úÔçÆÚ£¬ ÃÀ¹ú Case Werstern Researve University µÄ John C. Angus¼°ÆäºÏ×÷ÕßÃǽøÐÐÁË´óÁ¿µÄÑо¿£¬Ëù µÃ½á¹ûÓë´ËÀàËÆ[15-17]¡£ ËûÃǵŤ×÷Ö÷Òª¼¯ÖÐÓÚÔÚ½ð¸Õʯ×Ѿ§ÉÏ̼Ç⻯ºÏÎï ¼°ÆäÓëÇâÆøµÄ»ìºÏÎïÖгÁ»ý½ð¸Õʯ¡£ËûÃÇÉú³¤Á˲ôÅð pÐÍ°ëµ¼Ìå½ð¸Õʯ£¬²¢ÇÒ Ê×ÏÈÖ¸³öÁËÔ­×ÓÇâ¶ÔʯīµÄ¿ÌÊ´±È¶Ô½ð¸ÕʯµÄ¿ÌÊ´¿ì¡£
ÇâµÄ×÷ÓÃÒ»Ö±ÊÇÔçÆÚÑо¿µÄÒ»¸öÖص㣬J.J.LanderºÍJ.MorrisonÔøÑо¿ÁË Çâ¶Ô½ð¸Õʯ(111)ÃæÖع¹µÄÓ°Ï죬·¢ÏÖ¿ÉʹÖع¹±íÃæ»Øµ½1¡Á1·ÇÖع¹×´Ì¬£» ͬ ʱËûÃÇ·¢ÏÖ£¬ÔÚ1200KÒÔÉÏ£¬Ì¼Ô­×ÓÔÚ½ð¸Õʯ±íÃæµÄǨÒÆÐÔºÜÇ¿£¬ ²¢Ö¸³öÕâ¿É µ¼ÖÂÍâÑÓÉú³¤[18-19]¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÚÕâЩÔçÆÚµÄÑо¿ÖУ¬Ò»Ð©ÈËÈçS.P.Chauhan[20]£¬D.V.Fedoseev[21]µÈ ·¢ÏÖH2ÒÖÖÆʯīµÄÐγÉÓÅÓÚÒÖÖƽð¸Õʯ£¬¿ÉÒÔÌá¸ß½ð¸ÕʯµÄ²ú¶î¡£µ½ÆßÊ®Äê´ú ÖÐÆÚ£¬¹ú¼ÊÉÏÒѾ­Óм¸¸öС×é¿ÉÒԺϳɵÍѹ½ð¸ÕʯÁË£¬Éú³¤ËÙÂÊ´ï 0.1¦Ìm/h [20]£¬È»¶øÉв»×ãÒÔ²úÉúʵÓõÄÉÌÒµ¼ÛÖµ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÚËÕÁª£¬DeryaginÑо¿Ð¡×é¼ÌËûÃÇ1975ÄêµÄ±¨µÀ[14]Ö®ºó²»¾Ã£¬±¨µ¼ÁËͨ ¹ýÆøÌå·Ö½â»î»¯¼¼Êõ£¬´ó´óÔö¼ÓÁËÉú³¤ËÙÂÊ£¬²¢ÒÖÖÆÁ˴󲿷ÖʯīµÄÐγÉ[22 -23]¡£1981Ä꣬Spitsyn¡¢BouilovºÍDeryaginµÈÓÃÓ¢ÎÄÔÚ¡¶¾§ÌåÉú³¤ÔÓÖ¾¡·(J. Cryst. Growth)Éϱ¨µÀÁ˾ßÓÐÁ¼ºÃ¾§ÐεĽð¸Õʯ£¬Éú³¤ËÙÂÊ´ï¦Ìm/hÁ¿¼¶[23]¡£ ËûÃDzâÁ¿ÁËËùµÃ½ð¸ÕʯĤµÄһϵÁÐÎïÀíÐÔÖÊ£¬µ«ÊÇδ¸ø³öʵÑéϸ½Ú£¬Ö»Ìáµ½ÁË ¡°·Åµç¡±ºÍÇâÔ­×Ó¶Ôʯī½á¾§µÄÒÖÖÆ×÷Ó᣽ô½Ó×Å£¬ManiaµÈ[24]ºÍVarninµÈ [25]¸ø³öÁ˸ü¶àµÄϸ½Ú¡£1988Ä꣬ Singh µÈÈË·¢Õ¹Á˵ÈÀë×ÓÌ廯ѧÆøÏà³Á»ý (CVD)·½·¨[26]¡£
Ó¦¸Ã˵£¬¿ªÊ¼ÓÚ1974ÄêµÄÈÕ±¾ÎÞ»ú²ÄÁϹú¼ÒÑо¿ËùµÄÑÇÎÈ̬½ð¸ÕʯÉú³¤ÑÐ ¾¿¿ª±ÙÁ˽ð¸ÕʯµÍѹºÏ³ÉµÄÐÂʱ´ú[2]¡£ÆäÖ÷ÒªÈËÔ±ÓÐN.Setaka¡¢S.Matsumoto¡¢ M.Kamo¡¢Y.SatoµÈ¡£×Ô1982Äêʼ£¬ËûÃÇ·¢±íÁËһϵÁÐÎÄÕÂ[27-32]£¬±¨µÀÁËÓà ΢²¨µÈÀë×ÓÌå·¨(MPCVD)¡¢Ö±Á÷·ÅµçµÈÀë×ÓÌå·¨(dc-PACVD)¡¢ÉäƵ»Ô¹â·ÅµçµÈ Àë×ÓÌå·¨(rf-PACVD)ºÍÈÈË¿·Ö½âÆøÌå·¨(HFCVD)ºÏ³É½ð¸Õʯ£¬ËÙÂʴX¦Ìm/h£¬ ¶øÇÒ²»ÐèÓýð¸Õʯ×Ѿ§£»Æä·´Ó¦ÆøÌåÓÉ̼Ç⻯ºÏÎï¼°¹ýÁ¿µÄÇâÆø×é³É£¬²¢Ç¿ÁÒ ÒÀÀµÔ­×ÓÇâµÄ²úÉú¡£1986Ä꣬SawableºÍInuzuka±¨µÀÁ˵ç×Ó¸¨Öú·¨(EACVD)Éú ³¤½ð¸Õʯ, ËÙÂÊ´ï3-5¦Ìm/h[33].ͬһÄ꣬ Kawarada Óõç×Ó»ØÐý¹²Õñ MPCVD (ECR-MPCVD)À´À©´ó³Á»ýÃæ»ý[34]¡£ÉÏÊö·½·¨ËùÓÃÆøѹͨ³£ÔÚ0.1atm »ò¸üµÍ¡£ 1987Ä꣬Matsumoto¼°ÆäͬÊÂÔÚÆøѹÉÏʵÏÖÁËÍ»ÆÆ[35]£¬ÔÚîâ(Mo) ³Äµ×ÉÏÓÃÉä ƵÈȵÈÀë×ÓÌå·¨ÒÔ Ar-H2-CH4»ìºÏÆøÌåΪԴÔÚ 1atm ÏÂÉú³¤Á˽ð¸Õʯ£¬ËÙÂÊ ¸ß´ï 60¦Ìm/h, ÆøÌåÁ÷Á¿Îª12L/min(Éý/·ÖÖÓ)¡£1988Ä꣬Yazu µÈÈË [36] ¼° Hirose[37]µÈÈË·¢Õ¹ÁË1atmϵÄÑõȲÑæ·¨¡£Í¬Ò»Ä꣬KuriharaµÈÈËÓõÈÀë×ÓÌå ÅçÉä·¨(Plasma jet)ÔÚ¸ßκʹóÁ÷Á¿Ï»ñµÃ80¦Ìm/hµÄ¸ßËÙÂÊ[38]¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬ Õâ ÖÖ·½·¨ÒÑʵÏָߴï1mm/hµÄËÙÂÊ¡£ÔÚ½µµÍÉú³¤Î¶ȷ½Ã棬ÈËÃÇ·¢ÏÖ¼ÓÈëÉÙÁ¿O2 ¿É½µµÍÉú³¤Î¶ȣ¬Ìá¸ßÉú³¤ËÙÂÊ[39-40]¡£D.E.PattersonµÈÈË1991Äê²ÉÓñËØ ¸¨ÖúÈÈCVD·¨£¬ÔÚµÍÓÚ300¡æϺϳÉÁ˽ð¸Õʯ,µ«ËÙÂʵͣ¬ÎÛȾÑÏÖØ[41]¡£
¡¡¡¡ÆßÊ®Äê´úÖÐÆÚ£¬ÈËÃÇÔøÑо¿Óø÷ÖÖÀë×ÓÊø¹ý³ÌÀ´Éú³¤½ð¸Õʯ¡£ 1973 Äê , AisenbergºÍChabotÓÃÀë×ÓÊøµÃµ½ÁËÀà½ð¸ÕʯĤ[42]¡£1976Ä꣬SpencerµÈÓÃ̼ Àë×ÓÊø»ñµÃÁ˶ྦྷ½ð¸Õʯ[43]¡£Ëæºó£¬Freeman ÓÃÀë×Ó×¢ÈëÉú³¤Á˽ð¸Õʯ[44- 45]¡£
¡¡¡¡µ½Ä¿Ç°ÎªÖ¹£¬ÈËÃÇÒѾ­¿ÉÒÔÓöàÖÖ²»Í¬·½·¨ºÏ³ÉµÍѹ½ð¸Õʯ£¬Éú³¤ËÙÂÊ´Ó 0.1¦Ìm/hµ½1mm/h. ¸÷ÖÖ·½·¨Ë治ͬÑо¿Ð¡×éÂÔÓб仯£¬µ«ÎÞʵÖʲîÒì¡£
¡¡¡¡½üÄêÀ´£¬ÔÚ½ð¸ÕʯÍâÑÓÉú³¤·½ÃæҲȡµÃÁËÖØ´ó½øÕ¹¡£SpitsynµÈÔçÔÚ 1981 Äê¾Í±¨µÀÁ˽ð¸Õʯ(110)±íÃæÉϵĵ¥¾§Ä¤Éú³¤[23]¡£1982Ä꣬MatsumotoµÈ±¨µÀ Á˽ð¸Õʯ(111)ÃæÉϵÄͬÖÊÍâÑÓ[46]¡£FujimoraµÈÓÚ1987Ä걨µÀÔÚ(100)ÃæÉÏ¿É »ñµÃ±È(111)ÃæÉϸüºÃµÄͬÖÊÍâÑÓĤ[47]¡£´Ëºó£¬ Ò»Ö±ÓÐÈËÔÚÑо¿Í¬ÖÊÍâÑÓÉú ³¤£¬È»¶øÒìÖÊÍâÑÓ¾ßÓиü´óµÄÎüÒýÁ¦¡£1990Ä꣬S.KoizumiÒÔ¼°M.YoshikawaµÈ [48-50]·Ö±ð±¨µÀÁËÔÚÁ¢·½µª»¯Åð(cBN)ÉϵĽð¸ÕʯÒìÖÊÍâÑÓ£¬¾§¸ñÆ¥ÅäºÜºÃ¡£ D.G.JengµÈ(1990Äê)[51]·Ö±ð±¨µÀÁËÔÚSiÉϵľÖÓòÍâÑÓ»òÈ¡ÏòÉú³¤¡£1990Ä꣬ Y.SatoµÈ±¨µÀÁËÔÚNiÉϵľÖÓòÍâÑÓ[52]¡£ÓÉÓÚ½ð¸ÕʯºÍ´óÃæ»ýcBN ³Äµ×ÄÑÒÔ»ñ µÃ£¬ËùÒÔÔÚSi¡¢NiµÈÉϵÄÒìÖÊÍâÑÓÓм«ÖØÒªÒâÒå¡£1991Ä꣬B.R.StonerºÍJ.T. Glass±¨µÀÁËÓÃMPCVD¼Ó¸ºÆ«Ñ¹Ðκ˷¨»òµÃµÄÔÚ¦Â-SiC(100)ÃæÉϵÄÈ¡Ïò¡¢Ö¯¹¹ ½ð¸ÕʯĤ[53]¡£1992Ä꣬S.D.WolterµÈÈËʵÏÖÁËÔÚSi(100) ÃæÉϵÄÈ¡Ïò½ð¸Õʯ Éú³¤[54]£»ËûÃDzÉÓÃÁËԭλ±íÃæ̼»¯¡¢¸ºÆ«Ñ¹Ðκ˼°Éú³¤µÄÈý²½¹ý³Ì¡£1992Ä꣬ X.JiangµÈÈ˱¨µÀÁËSi(100)ÃæÉϵÄÈ¡ÏòÍâÑÓÉú³¤[55]¡£ËùÓÐÕâЩȡÏò»òÍâÑÓÉú ³¤¾ùÊÇÔÚMPCVDϵͳÖÐÓøºÆ«Ñ¹Ðκ˷¨»ñµÃµÄ¡£ ¾¡¹ÜûÓнçÃæµÄ¸ß·Ö±æÕÕƬ£¬ µ«¸ù¾ÝºóÀ´µÄÑо¿±¨µÀ£¬ÓÉÓÚ½ð¸ÕʯÓë¹èÖ®¼ä´óµÄ¾§¸ñʧÅ䣬»ù±¾ÉϾùÊÇÔڦ -SiC»ùµ×»ò¹ý¶É²ãÉϵÄÍâÑÓ£¬¶ø²»ÊÇÔÚSiÉϵÄÖ±½ÓÍâÑÓ£¬¶øÇÒËùµÃÈ¡ÏòĤÈÔÊÇ ¶à¾§£¬¾§Á£ÄÑÒԺϲ¢¡£1994Ä꣬Ñî½ÜµÈ±¨µÀÁËÔÚSi(100) ÉϵĽð¸Õʯֱ½Ó¾ÖÓò ÍâÑӵĸ߷ֱæµç¾µÕÕƬ[56-57]¡£1993Ä꣬×÷ÕßÔÚHFCVDϵͳÖÐÓü«µÍѹÐκ˷¨ »ñµÃÁËSi(100)³Äµ×ÉϵÄÈ¡ÏòÐκËÒÔ¼°ÔÚSi(111) ³Äµ×ÉϵÄÈ¡ÏòÒìÖÊÍâÑÓÉú³¤ [58]¡£1995Ä꣬×÷ÕßÊ×´ÎÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÉϱ¨µÀÁËÔÚHFCVDÖеç×Ó·¢ÉäÔöÇ¿Ðκ˷¨ÔÚ Si(100)ºÍSi(111)ÃæÉÏ»ñµÃµÄÈ¡ÏòÍâÑÓ½ð¸ÕĤ[59]£¬´ËÍ⣬»¹»ñµÃÁË´óÇøÓò½ð ¸ÕʯÔÚSiÉϵÄÖ±½ÓÍâÑÓ¡£È»¶ø£¬µ½Ä¿Ç°ÎªÖ¹£¬¹ú¼ÊÉÏÉÐÎÞÈË»ñµÃÒìÖÊÍâÑÓµ¥¾§ ½ð¸ÕʯĤ¡£µ¥¾§SiÉÏÈ¡Ïò½ð¸ÕʯĤµÄ»ñµÃ£¬ÊǽüÄêÀ´ÔÚCVD ½ð¸ÕʯÑо¿·½ÃæµÄ ÖØ´óÍ»ÆƺÍÖ÷Òª½øÕ¹¡£
¡¡¡¡¹ØÓÚ½ð¸ÕʯĤµÄ¾§ÐÎÏÔ¶£¬ÈËÃÇÒÑÕÒµ½Ò»Ð©¶¨ÐÔ¹æÂÉ[28,60-64]¡£Ö÷ÒªÏÔ Â¶¾§ÃæΪ(100)ºÍ(111)Ã棬(110)ÃæÓÉÓÚÉú³¤ËÙ¶ÈÌ«¿ìÎÞ·¨ÏÔ¶¡£ ¹ØÓÚ¾§ÐÎËæ ̼Ç⻯ºÏÎïŨ¶ÈµÄ±ä»¯£¬»ù±¾ÉÏÈ¡µÃÁËÒ»Ö¡£µ±Ì¼Ç⻯ºÏÎïŨ¶È½ÏµÍʱ£¬ ÒÔ (111)ÃæΪÖ÷£»µ±Å¨¶È½Ï¸ßʱ£¬ÒÔ(100)ÃæΪÖ÷£»È»¶ø¾§ÐÎËæζȵı仯´æÔÚ¸÷ ÖÖÏ໥²»Ò»ÖµĹ۲챨µÀ¡£
¡¡¡¡×÷Ϊ½ð¸ÕʯÉú³¤µÄÒ»¸öÖØҪǰÌᣬÈËÃdz¢ÊÔÓø÷ÖÖ·½·¨ÔÚ²»Í¬»ùµ×ÉÏÐκˡ£ ¶ÔÓÚÑо¿µÄ×î¶àµÄSi»ùµ×(ÆäËü»ùµ×Óë´ËÀàËÆ)£¬ÈËÃÇͨ³£²ÉÈ¡Óýð¸Õʯ΢·ÛÑРĥ[65]¡¢Ô¤³Á»ý·Ç½ð¸Õʯ̼ÈçʯīµÈ[66-67]¡¢Í¿ÒÔ»úе±ÃÓ͵È[68] À´Ôö¼ÓÐÎ ºËÃܶȣ¬¿É´ï107/cm2. ÔÚÔçÆÚ£¬ÈËÃÇÄÑÒÔÔÚδÑÐÄ¥µÄ¾µÃæÅ×¹âµÄSi ±íÃæ»ñµÃ ¸ßÃܶÈÐκˣ¬Í¨³£ÔÚ104/cm2ÒÔÏ¡£ÕâÒ²ÊÇÔÚSiÉÏÒìÖÊÍâÑÓ½ð¸ÕʯµÄÖ÷ÒªÕÏ°­ Ö®Ò»¡£1989Ä꣬D.G.JengµÈÈËÓÃMPCVD¼Ó¸ºÆ«Ñ¹µÄ·½·¨£¬ »ñµÃÁ˾ÖÓòµÄ½Ï¸ßÃÜ ¶ÈÐκË(¡«107cm-2)¼°¾ÖÓòÍâÑÓ[51]¡£´ÎÄ꣬S.YugoµÈÓÃÀàËÆ·½·¨ÔÚ¸ßCH4Ũ¶È Ï»ñµÃÁË´ï109-1010cm-2µÄ¸ßÃܶÈ[69]¡£1992Ä꣬B.R.StonerµÈÈËÓô˷¨»ñµÃ Á˸ߴï1010-1011cm-2µÄÐκËÃܶÈ[70]¡£´Ëºó£¬SiÉÏ´óÃæ»ýÈ¡Ïò½ð¸ÕʯÉú³¤µÃ µ½ÊµÏÖ[53-55]¡£1993Ä꣬M. KatohµÈÈËÓÃMPCVD¼ÓÕýƫѹ»ñµÃÁË´ï107cm-2µÄ Ãܶȣ¬²¢Ñо¿Á˲»Í¬Õý¸ºÆ«Ñ¹Öµ¶ÔÐκËÃܶȵÄÓ°Ïì[71]¡£Í¬Ò»Ä꣬×÷Õß½¨Á¢ÁË Ò»ÖÖ¼«µÍѹ¿ìËÙÐκ˷¨£¬ÓÃHFCVDϵͳÖÐÔÚ¾«Å×Si±íÃæ»ñµÃÁË´ï1011cm-2µÄÃÜ ¶È[72]£¬²¢Óô˷¨½â¾öÁËîѵÈÒ×À©É¢Ì¼µÄ½ðÊô³Äµ×ÉÏÐκËÀ§ÄѵÄÎÊÌâ[73]£¬²¢ »ñµÃÁËÔÚ Si ÉϵÄÍâÑÓ[58]¡£1995Ä꣬±¾ÎÄ×÷ÕßÔÚHFCVD ϵͳÖз¢Õ¹Á˵ç×Ó·¢ ÉäÔöÇ¿Ðκ˷¨£¬»ñµÃÁË 1010cm-2µÄÐκËÃܶÈ[74]ÒÔ¼°ÍâÑӵĽð¸Õʯ±¡Ä¤[59]¡£ Ä¿Ç°£¬ÈËÃÇÒÑ»ù±¾½â¾öÁ˸ßÃܶÈÐκËÎÊÌ⣬µ«ÊµÏֺͿØÖÆÍâÑÓÐκËÉÐÐè¸ü¶àŬ Á¦£¬ÓÈÆäÊǶÔÐκ˵ĻúÀíÉв»Çå³þ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÚ»úÀíÑо¿·½Ã棬ÈËÃÇÒѾ­Á˽âÔ­×ÓÇâµÄ¹Ø¼ü×÷Ó㬾¡¹ÜÉв»³¹µ×Çå³þ¡£ ´ËÍ⣬¾¡¹Ü¸÷ÖÖ³Á»ý·½·¨ÓÐËù²»Í¬£¬µ«·¢ÏÖÁËÐí¶à¹²Í¬µã[75]£¬Èç(1) ¸ßµÄÄÜ Á¿ÊäÈëÒÔ²úÉú×ã¹»µÄÔ­×ÓÇ⼰̼Çâ·´Ó¦»ùÍÅ£»(2) ̼Ç⻯ºÏÎïµÄ¾ßÌåÀàÐͲ»ÖØ Òª£»(3)ÏàËƵijĵ×ζȣ»(4)¾§Ðμ°ÖÊÁ¿Ö÷ÒªÒÀÀµÓÚÔ´ÆøÌåÖÐC¡¢H¡¢OµÄ±ÈÀý£¬ ¶øÓë¾ßÌå·½·¨¹Øϵ²»´ó; (5)Ö÷Òª·´Ó¦Ç°ÇýÎïΪCHxºÍC2Hy. ´ËÍ⣬-OH¿ÉÔöÇ¿ ¶ÔʯīµÄ¿ÌÊ´, Ìá¸ßÉú³¤ËÙÂÊ£¬½µµÍÉú³¤Î¶ȡ£ºÜ¶àÈ˽øÐи÷ÖÖÉú³¤¡¢·´Ó¦¶¯ Á¦Ñ§·½ÃæµÄÑо¿[2-3,76-78]£¬Ìá³ö¸÷ÖÖÄ£ÐÍ¡£Õâ·½ÃæÖ÷ÒªÓÐËÕÁªµÄ Deryagin, Fedoseev, SpitsynµÈ£¬ÃÀ¹úµÄAngus£¬Frenklach£¬Spear£¬Molinari£¬Harris£¬ BadzianµÈ,ÒÔ¼°ÈÕ±¾µÄTsuda£¬NakajimaºÍOikawa. ÔÚ¹úÄÚ£¬Ëï±ÌÎäµÈ[64] Àû Óø߷ֱæµç×ÓÄÜÁ¿ËðʧÆ×ÒǶÔÉú³¤»úÀí½øÐÐÁËÑо¿¡£
¡¡¡¡Ä¿Ç°£¬¹ú¼ÊÉÏÔÚCVD½ð¸ÕʯµÄºÏ³ÉÓëÓ¦Ó÷½Ãæ·¢Õ¹ºÜ¿ì£¬ ÓÈÆäÊÇÆäÁ¦Ñ§ÐÔ ÖʵÄÓ¦Ó㬷¢Õ¹×î¿ì£¬ÒÑÓнð¸Õʯµ¶¾ßºÍ×êÍ·µÈ²úÆ·¡£ÈÕ±¾ÒÑÓнð¸ÕʯͿ²ãµÄ ¸ß±£ÕæÑïÉùÆ÷¡£ºÜ¶àÑо¿ÈËÔ±ÔÚÑо¿½ð¸ÕʯÉú³¤¹ý³ÌÖеIJôÔÓ£¬ÒÔʵÏÖÔÚ°ëµ¼ Ìåµç×ÓÆ÷¼þÉϵÄÓ¦Ó᣹ØÓÚCVD½ð¸ÕʯµÄÓ¦Óã¬Ã¿Ä궼ÓÐÐí¶àÎÄÕ·¢±í¡£ Ô½À´ Ô½¶àµÄ¹¤ÒµÊµÌå¼ÓÈëµ½ CVD ½ð¸Õʯ¿ª·¢ÀûÓõÄÐÐÁУ¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨ºÜ¶à´ó¹«Ë¾[2]£¬ ÈçÃÀ¹úµÄCrystalum, Norton, Air Products, Alcoa£¬DuPont£¬Exxon£¬Ford£¬ General Electric, General Motors£¬GTE£¬IBM, PhilipsµÈ£¬ÈÕ±¾µÄFujitsu, Hitachi£¬Kobe Steel, Kyocera£¬Matsushita Electric£¬NEC£¬ToshibaµÈ£¬ ÖÁ1989Ä꣬½öÈÕ±¾¾ÍÓÐ500¶àÏîרÀûÓë½ð¸ÕʯͿ²ã¼¼ÊõÓйء£ ¶øÓÈÆäÊÇΪÁËÔÚ Í¿²ã·½ÃæµÄÓ¦Óã¬ÈËÃÇÑо¿ÁËÔÚ¸÷ÖÖ¸÷ÑùµÄ³Äµ×ÉÏÉú³¤½ð¸ÕʯĤ£¬ÈçCu¡¢Ni¡¢ Ag¡¢Ê¯Ä«¡¢½ð¸Õʯ¡¢Si¡¢Pt¡¢Rh¡¢Ti¡¢V¡¢Nb¡¢Ta¡¢Mo¡¢W¡¢Fe¡¢Co¡¢B¡¢Al ¡¢ SiO2¡¢SiC¡¢WC¡¢TiCµÈ¡£½ð¸ÕʯĤÓë³Äµ×µÄ½áºÏÁ¦ÎÊÌâÉÐδºÜºÃ½â¾ö¡£
¡¡¡¡×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬CVD½ð¸ÕʯÑо¿ÔÚÐκˡ¢Éú³¤·½·¨¡¢ ¾§ÐÎÏÔ¶¼°ÒìÖÊÍâÑӵȷ½ Ãæ¾ùÈ¡µÄÁËÖØ´ó½øÕ¹¡£È»¶øÉдæÐí¶àÎÊÌ⣬ÈçÐκËÉú³¤»úÀíÉв»Çå³þ£¬µ¥¾§Íâ ÑÓĤÉÏδʵÏÖ£¬Éú³¤Î¶ÈÈÔ¹ý¸ß£¬ÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎʵÏÖ´óÃæ»ý¡¢¸ßËÙÂÊ¡¢²»Í¬¼¸ºÎÐÎ ×´²»Í¬²ÄÁϳĵ×ÉϵĽð¸ÕʯÉú³¤Óдý½øÒ»²½Ñо¿¡£ÓÈÆäÊǽð¸ÕʯµÄÓ¦Ó㬲Žö ½öÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ªÊ¼¡£

¡ì1.5 Ö÷ÒªµÄCVD½ð¸ÕʯĤ³Á»ý·½·¨¼°±È½Ï(Ö÷Ҫȡ×ÔÎÄÏ×[79])

      µ½Ä¿Ç°ÎªÖ¹£¬Ö÷ÒªµÄÉú³¤·½·¨ÓÐ: ÈÈË¿·¨(HFCVD)¡¢ »ùÓÚÈÈË¿·¨µÄµç×Ó¸¨
  ÖúCVD·¨(EACVD)¡¢ÑõȲÑæ·¨¡¢Â±Ëظ¨ÖúCVD·¨¡¢Ö±Á÷»Ô¹âµÈÀë×ÓÌå·¨(µÍѹ¡¢ÖÐ
  ѹ¡¢Ö±Á÷µç»¡µÈÀë×ÓÌåºÍµÈÀë×ÓÌåÅçÉä·¨)¡¢ÉäƵµÈÀë×ÓÌå·¨(µÍѹÉäƵ»Ô¹â·Å
  µç¡¢ÈÈÉäƵµÈÀë×ÓÌå)¡¢Î¢²¨µÈÀë×ÓÌå·¨(MPCVD)¡¢µç×Ó»ØÐý¹²Õñ΢²¨µÈÀë×ÓÌå
  ·¨(ECR-MPCVD)£¬µÈµÈ¡£ÆäÖ÷ÒªÌصãÁÐÓÚ±í1.3.
    ±í1.3 Ö÷ÒªµÄCVD½ð¸Õʯ³Á»ý·½·¨±È½Ï
©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥
·½·¨         ³Äµ×ÎÂ¶È  ÈÈÇøÎÂ¶È  Ô´ÆøÌå   Á÷Á¿   Éú³¤ËÙÂÊ   Ãæ»ý      ÖÊÁ¿  Óŵ㠡¡         ȱµã
              (¡æ)     (¡æ)¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ sccm ¡¡(¦Ìm/h)¡¡¡¡(cm2)
©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥
ÑõȲÑæ       600-1400¡¡3000-3200 C2H2,O2¡¡1000-¡¡30-200 ¡¡¡¡0.5-3 ¡¡¡¡+++ ¡¡¼òµ¥,¸ßËÙÂÊ ¡¡¡¡Ãæ»ýС,Îȶ¨ÐÔ²î
               ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡    ¿É¼ÓH2    5000                             ¿ÉͬÖÊÍâÑÓ      ²»¾ùÔÈ,ÓÐÎÛȾ   
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
HFCVD        300-1000  1900-1600 CH4,H2   100-   0.1-10     5-900     +++   ¼òµ¥,´óÃæ»ý     µÆË¿²»Îȶ¨,ËÙÂÊ
                                 ¿ÉÉÙÁ¿O2  1000                             3-DÎïÌå³Á»ý     ½ÏµÍ,²»¾ùÔÈ  
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
Ö±Á÷·Åµç     600-1100  <1400     CH4,H2   100-   <0.1       70        -/+   ¼òµ¥,´óÃæ»ý     ÖÊÁ¿µÍ,ËÙÂʵÍ,
 (µÍѹ)                          ¿É¼ÓO2    500
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
Ö±Á÷·Åµç     600-1100  >6000     CH4,H2   100-   20-250     <2        +++   ¸ßËÙÂÊ,ÓÅÖÊ     Ãæ»ýС
 (ÖÐѹ)                          ¿É¼ÓO2    500                              ¸ß̼ת»¯ÂÊ
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
Ö±Á÷ÅçÉä     800-1100  >5000     CH4,H2   3000-  20-1000    2-3       +++   ×î¸ßËÙÂÊ,ÓÅÖÊ   ÎÛȾ,²»Îȶ¨,¸ß  
 µÈÀë×ÓÌå                        ¿É¼ÓO2   70000                                             ¹¦ÂÊ,×°Öùó,²» 
                                                                                            ¾ùÔÈ,Ĥ½áºÏ²î
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
ÉäƵ(µÍѹ)   700-1200  <1500     CH4,H2   100-   <0.1       100       -     ¾ùÔÈ,ËÙ¶ÈÖÊÁ¿   ÖÊÁ¿µÍ,ËÙÂʵÍ,
                                           200                              Ë湦ÂÊÔö¼Ó      ÎÛȾ
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
ÉäƵ         700-1200  >5000     CH4,H2   80000- 30-180     2-3       +++   ËÙÂʸß,ÖÊÁ¿¸ß   Ãæ»ýС,²»Îȶ¨£¬
(ÈÈ,1atm)                                 100000                                            ×°Öø´ÔÓ°º¹ó
                                                                                            ¸ß¹¦ÂÊ,Ĥ½áºÏ²î 
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
MPCVD        300-1200  >2500     CH4,H2   100-   0.5-15    80(µÍѹ)   +++   ÖÊÁ¿ºÃ,Îȶ¨£¬   ËÙÂʽϵÍ,Ãæ»ýС
                                 O2,CO     1000            5(¸ßѹ)          ¸½×ÅÁ¦ºÃ        ÄÑÒÔ3D³Á»ý   
©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤©¤
ECR-MPCVD    300-1200  >2500     CH4,H2   5-100  0.1       100        -/+   Ãæ»ý´ó          ËÙÂʵÍ,ÖÊÁ¿µÍ 
                                 O2,CO                                                      ÎÛȾ
©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¥©¤
* H2, O2, CH4 denote H2, O2, and CH4, respectively.
* An image file of this table is available.

      Ä¿Ç°×îÖ÷ÒªµÄ·½·¨ÊÇHFCVD, MPCVD, Ö±Á÷µÈÀë×ÓÌåÅçÉä·¨(dc plasma jet)¡£
  ¸ù¾Ý±¾ÊµÑéÊÒ¾ßÌåÇé¿ö£¬×÷ÕßÀûÓÃHFCVDÉ豸½øÐÐÑо¿¡£

²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×

  1. M.N.Yoder£¬in Diamond and Diamond- Like Films and Coatings£¬ Edited by R.E.Clausing, L.L.Horton, J.C.Angus, and P.Koidl, Plenum Press, New York, 1991, Page 1-16
  2. K.E.Spear, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72 [2], 171-91(1989)
  3. J.C.Angus, Y.Wang, and M.Sunkara, Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 21, 221-48(1991)
  4. ²Ü´«±¦, Åí¶¨À¤, ÃϹãÒ«, ΢ϸ¼Ó¹¤¼¼Êõ, 1992ÄêµÚ3ÆÚ, P.46-51
  5. A.L.Lavoisier, Memoire Academie des Sciences, 1772, P.564-91
  6. S.Tennant, 1797, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. 87:123
  7. F.P.Bundy, H.T.Hall, H.M.Strong, R.H.Wentorf, Nature 176, 51( 1955)
  8. R.C.DeVries, Annu Rev. Mater. Sci. 17, 161-87(1987)
  9. W.G.Eversole, 1962, US Patent No. 3,030,187; 3,030,188
  10. J.C.Angus, C.C.Hayman, Science 241, 913-21(1988)
  11. H.Liander, E.Lundblad, Ark. Kemi 16, 139(1960)
  12. B.V.Deryagin and D.V.Fedoseev, Russ. Chem. Rev. 39, 783(1970); B.V.Deryagin et al, J. Cryst. Growth 2, 380(1968); D.V.Fedoseev, B .V.Deryagin, V.P.Varmin, G.K.Sokolina, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 247, 1201(1979)
  13. B.V.Deryagin, D.V.Fedoseev, Growth of Diamond and Graphite From the Gas Phase(Nauka, Moscow, 1977); D.V.Fedoseev, B.V.Deryagin , I.G.Varshavskaya, A.S.Semenova-Tan Shanskaya, Crystallization of Diamond(Nauka, Moscow, 1984)
  14. B.V.Deryagin, D.V.Fedoseev, Sci. Am. 233[5], 102-9(1975)
  15. J.C.Angus, H.A.Will, W.S.Stanko, J. Appl. Phys. 39, 2915- 22( 1968)
  16. D.J.Poferl, N.C.Gardner, J.C.Angus, J. Appl. Phys. 44[4], 1428 -34(1973)
  17. S.P.Chauhan, J.C.Angus, N.C.Gardner, J. Appl. Phys. 47[ 11] , 4746-54(1976)
  18. J.J.Lander and J.Morrison, Surf. Sci. 2, 553(1964)
  19. J.J.Lander and J.Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 34, 1403(1963)
  20. S.P.Chauhan, J.C.Angus, N.C.Gardner, J. Appl. Phys. 47, 4746( 1976);J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 11, 423(1974)
  21. D.V.Fedoseev, S.P.Vnukov, B.V.Deryagin, Zh. Fiz. Khim. 51, 26( 1977)
  22. B.V.Deryagin, D.V.Fedoseev, Growth of Diamond and Graphite from the Gas Phase, Ch. 4. Izd. Nauka, Moscow, USSR, 1977
  23. B.V.Spitsyn, L.L.Bouilov, and B.V.Deryagin, J. Cryst. Growth 52, 219-26(1981)
  24. R.Mania, I.Stobierski, and R.Pampuch, Cryst. Res. Technol. 16, 785-89(1981)
  25. V.P.Varnin, I.G.Teremenskaya, D.V.Fedoseev, B.V.Deryagin, Sov. Phys. Dokl. (Engl. Transl.), 29[5], 419-21(1984)
  26. B.Singh, O.R.Mesker, A.W.Levine, Appl. Phys. Lett. 52[ 20] , 1658-60(1988)
  27. S.Matsumoto, Y.Sato, M.Kamo, N.Setaka, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 21, 183, Part 2,(1982)
  28. S.Matsumoto, Y.Sato, M.TsuTsumi, N.Setaka, J. Mater. Sci. 17, 3106(1982)
  29. M.Kamo, Y.Sato, S.Matsumoto, N.Setaka, J. Cryst. Growth 62, 642(1983)
  30. Y.Matsui, S.Matsumoto, N.Setaka, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 2, 532( 1983)
  31. S. Matsumoto, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 4, 600(1985)
  32. S. Matsumoto et al, paper S7-03, 2458, Eighth International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry(ISPC-8), Tokyo(1987)
  33. A.Sawabe and T.Inuzuka, Thin Solid Films, 137, 89-99(1986)
  34. H. Kawarada, K.Mar, and A.Kiraki, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 26[6] , L1032-L1034(1987)
  35. S.Matsumoto, T.Lobayashi, M.Hino,T.Ishigaki, and Y.Moriyoshi, Proc. of 8th Internat'l Symp. of Plasma Chem., Vol. 1, PP. 2458-62, Tokyo, Japan, Aug.31-Sept.4, 1987, Edited by K.Akashi and A.Kinbara, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Oxford, England, 1987
  36. S.Yazu, S.Sato, and N.Fujimori, Presented at SPIE Meeting: Conference on Diamond Optics, San Diego, Aug.16-17, 1988, published in SPIE proceedings, Vol. 969, Diamond Optics. Edited by A.Feldman and S.Holly. SPIE International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA, 1988
  37. Y.Hirose and Mitsuizumi, New Diamond 4[3], 34-35(1988). (in Jpn.)
  38. K.Kurihara, K.Sasaki, M.Kawarada, and N.Koshina, Appl. Phys. Lett.52[6], 437-38(1988)
  39. T.Kawato, and K.Kondo, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 26[9], 1429-32(1987)
  40. Y.Muranaka, H.Yamashita, and H.Miyadera, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A9,76(1991)
  41. D.E.Patterson, B.J.Bai, C.J.Chu, R.H.Hauge, and J.L.Margrave, 1991,in New diamond science and technology(edited by R.F.Messier, J .T.Glass, J.E.Butler, R.Roy), p.433, Pittsburgh: Materials Research Society.
  42. S.Aisenberg and R.Chabot, J. Appl. Phys. 42, 2953(1971)
  43. F.G.Spencer, P.H.Schmit, D.H.Joy, F.J.Sansalone, Appl. Phys. Lett. 29, 118(1976)
  44. I.H.Freeman, W.Temple, G.A.Gard, Nature 275, 634(1978)
  45. I.H.Freeman, W.Temple, G.A.Gard, Vacuum 34, 305(1984)
  46. S.Matsumoto, Y.Sato, M.Kamo, J.Tanaka, and N.Setaka, PP.386-91 in Proceedings of the 7th international Conference on Vacuum Metallurgy, Tokyo, Japan, 1982. Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 1982.
  47. N.Fujimori, T.Imai, and H.Nakahata, Presented at Symposium N, Plasma Assisted Deposition of New Materials, Materials Research Society, Fall 1987 Meeting, Boston, MA, Nov.30-Dec.5, 1987.
  48. S.Koizumi, T.Murakami, T.Inuzuka, and K.Suzuki, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 563(1990)
  49. M.Yoshikawa, H.Ishida, A.Ishitani, T.Murakami, S.Koizumi, and T. Inuzuka, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 428(1990)
  50. M.Yoshikawa, H.Ishida, A.Ishitani, S.Koizumi, and T. Inuzuka, Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 1387(1991)
  51. D.G.Jeng, H.S.Tuan, R.F.Salat, and G.J.Fricano, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 1968(1990)
  52. Y.Sato, I.Yashima, H.Fujita, T. Ando, and M. Kamo, Second International Conference on New Diamond Science and Technology, Washington DC, Sept. 23-27, 1990, edited by R.Messier, J.T.Glass, J .E.Butler, and R.Roy(Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1991), P.371
  53. B.R.Stoner and J.T.Glass, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60[6], 698-700(1992)
  54. S.D.Wolter, B.R.Stoner, J.T.Glass, P.J.Ellis, D.S.Buhaenko, C.E. Jenkina, and P.Southworth, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62[11], 1215-1217(1993)
  55. X.Jiang and C.-P. Klages, Diamond Relat. Mater. 2, 1112(1993)
  56. J.Yang, Z.Lin, L.-X.Wang, S.Jin, and Z.Zhang, Appl. Phys. Lett . 65[25], 3203(1994)
  57. J.Yang, Q.Chen, Z.Lin, L.Wang, X.Jin, and Z.Zhang, Progress in Natural Science 5[2], 246-249(1995)
  58. Q.Chen, Y.Chen, J.Yang, and Z.Lin, Oriented and textured growth of (111) diamond on silicon using hot filament chemical vapor deposition, accepted by Thin Solid Films
  59. Q.Chen and Z.Lin, Synthesis of oriented textured diamond films on silicon via hot filament chemical vapor depositon, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett.
  60. W.Zhu, C.A.Randall, A.R.Badizan, R.Messier, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A7, 2315(1989)
  61. B.V.Spitsyn, and L.L.Bouilov, in Diamond and Diamond- like Materials synthesis: Extended Abstr., G.H.Johnson,A.R.Badzian, M. N. Geis, Eds. (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 1988), pp.3 -14.
  62. W.Zhu, R.Messier, A.R.Badizian, in Proceedings of the First International Symposium onDiamond and Diamond-Like Films, Edited by J.P.Dismukes et al.(The Electrochemical Society, Los Angeles,1989) , pp. 61-79
  63. K.Kobayashi, K.Nishimura, Y.Kawate, and T.Horuchi, Phys. Rev. B38,4067(1988)
  64. B.Sun, X.Zhang, and Z.Lin, Phys. Rev. B47[15], 9816-24(1993)
  65. P.K.Bachmann, W.Drawl, D.Knight, R.Weimer, and R.F.Messier, in Diamond and Diamond-like Materials Synthesis, edited by G.H.Johnson , A.R.Badzian, and M.W.Geis (MRS, Pittsburgh, 1988), P.99
  66. A.A.Mottish and P.E.Pehtsson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 59, 417(1991)
  67. J.C.Angus, Z.Li, M.Sunkara, R.Gat, A.B.Anderson, S.P.Mehandru, and M.W.Geis, in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Diamond and Diamond-Like Materials, Electrochemical Society Meeting , Washington, D.C. (Electrochemical Society, New York)
  68. A.A.Morrish, and P.E.Pehrsson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 59, 417(1991)
  69. S.Yugo, T.Kanai, T.Kimura, and T.Muto, Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 1036(1991)
  70. B.R.Stoner, G.-H.M.Ma, S.D.Wolter, and J.T.Glass, Phys. Rev. B45,11067(1992)
  71. M.Katoh, M.Aoki, and H.Kawarada, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 33, L194-L196(1994)
  72. Q.Chen, Y.Chen and Z.Lin, Rapid nucleation of diamond on Si at very low pressure using hot filament chemical vapor deposition, to be submitted; Yan Chen, Qijin Chen, Zhaohui Liu, and Zhangda Lin, Achieving high densities of diamond nuclei under low pressure in hot filament chemical vapor deposition, MRS fall meeting, Boston USA, December 1994
  73. Q.Chen, and Z.Lin, Diamond growth on thin Ti wafer via chemical vapor deposition, submitted to J. Mater. Res.
  74. Q.Chen and Z.Lin, Negative bias enhanced nucleation of diamond on Si via hot filament chemical vapor deposition, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett.
  75. W.A.Yarbrough and R.Messier, Science 247, 688-696(1990)
  76. M.Frenklach, in Diamond and Diamond-Like Films and Coatings, (ref.1), P.499-523, (1991)
  77. J.C.Angus, and C.C.Hayman, Science 241, 913-21(1988)
  78. A.R.Badzian, R.C.DeVries, Mat. Res. Bull. 23, 385-400(1988)
  79. P.K.Bachmann, in Thin Film Diamond, Edited by A. Lettington and J.W.Steeds, (The Royal Society Chapman and Hall, 1994), pp. 30-53

[ÂÛÎÄÖ÷Ò³] [¡ì1.1] [¡ì1.2] [¡ì1.3] [¡ì1.4] [¡ì1.5] [²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×] [µÚ¶þÕÂ]