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ReMAE is a user-friendly toolbox for removing muscle artifacts from electroencephalogram (EEG), running under the MATLAB environment. It implements a series of state-of-the-art methods for muscle artifact removal from EEG in the literature, and provides a graphical user interface (GUI). According to the taxonomy of the existing studies, this toolbox contains three denoising modes based on the number of input EEG channels, i.e., multi-channel, single-channel, and few-channel. Furthermore, this toolbox modularizes the denoising methods and visualizes each module. This means that users can readily observe the detailed denoising performance in each step, and even design a customized combined method in terms of their own understanding.

In the current literature, there exists no method applicable for all situations due to the complexity of muscle artifacts. The main motivation is to connect neuroscientists, psychologists, and clinicians with both the well-established and cutting-edge methods through a simple and intuitive GUI, and encourage them to extensively investigate different methods in a variety of real scenarios. A tutorial video is available to illustrate how to use this toolbox under different modes along with the MATLAB Package of the toolbox.

To gain access to the package of the toolbox, please download the license agreement below. The license agreement should be printed, signed, scanned and returned via email to xunchen@ustc.edu.cn with the subject of "ReMAE access request". Please send the request using your institutional email and state in your email your position, your institution and in 1-2 sentences the purpose for the study. Upon receipt, a link will be sent to your institutional email to download the toolbox. [PDF]

The toolbox has been utilized by over 80 BCI labs from 20 countries, including the labs from US, Canada, UK, Gemany, Switzerland, France, Italy, Finland, Austria, Australia, Japan, Korea, India, Iran, Chile, etc.. In a later comparative study (Barban et al 2021 J. Neural Eng. 18:0460c2), the researchers from Italy and Belgium systematically tested currently prevalent artifact removal methods on not only the widespread biological artifacts, but also the neuromodulatory interferences, either alone or in combination. The absolute best performance was obtained by Dr. Chen¡¯s work, especially when repeated to address multiple artefactual sources. The developed methods were widely adopted by the BCI or even other communities as important tools to support fundamental research, such as the findings of electrocortical modulation during short-term balance learning (Peterson et al 2018 J. Neurophysiol. 120:1998-2010), MI-BCI based stroke rehabilitation (Foong et al. 2020 IEEE TBME 67:786-795), mobile high-density brain imaging (Zhao et al 2021 J. Neural Eng. 18:066041) and so on.

However, this topic is highly worthy of further investigation due to the imperative practical need and the complexity of various artifacts. Recently, Dr. Chen initialized the deep learning-based EEG denoising studies, fully exploiting signal nonlinearity and repeatedly leading state-of-the-art performance. His group is developing ReMAE 2.0 based on recent advancements in this field and hopefully will further facilitate the related research communities.

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References for ReMAE

  • Xun Chen, Z. Jane Wang, M. J. McKeown, Joint Blind Source Separation for Neurophysiological Data Analysis: Multiset and multimodal methods, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 33, 86-107, 2016.

  • Xun Chen, H. Peng, F. Yu, K. Wang, Independent Vector Analysis Applied to Remove Muscle Artifacts in EEG Data, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement, 66,  1770-1779, 2017.

  • Xun Chen, X. Xu, A. Liu, M. McKeown, Z. J. Wang, The Use of Multivariate EMD and CCA for Denoising Muscle Artifacts from Few-Channel EEG Recordings, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement, 67, 359-370, 2018.

  • Xun Chen, A. Liu, Joyce Chiang, Z. Jane Wang, Martin J. McKeown, Rabab K. Ward, Removing Muscle Artifacts from EEG Data: Multichannel or Single-Channel Techniques? IEEE Sensors Journal, 16,1986-1997, 2016.

  • Xun Chen, Aiping Liu, Hu Peng, Rabab Ward, A Preliminary Study of Muscular Artifact Cancellation in Single-Channel EEG, Sensors, 14, pp. 18370-18389, 2014.

  • Xun Chen, Q. Chen, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Wang, A Novel EEMD-CCA Approach to Removing Muscle Artifacts for Pervasive EEG, IEEE Sensors Journal, 19, pp. 8420-8431, 2019.

  • Xun Chen, Q. Liu, W. Tao, L. Li, S. Lee, A. Liu, Q. Chen, J. Cheng, M. McKeown, Z. J. Wang, ReMAE: A User-friendly Toolbox for Removing Muscle Artifacts from EEG, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 2105-2119, 2020.

  • Xun Chen, X. Xu, A. Liu, S. Lee, X. Chen, X. Zhang, M. McKeown, Z. J. Wang, Removal of muscle artifacts from the EEG: a review and recommendations, IEEE Sensors Journal, 19, pp. 5353-5368, 2019.

References for recent DL-based progress

  • J. Yin, A. Liu, C. Li, R. Qian, Xun Chen, A GAN Guided Parallel CNN and Transformer Network for EEG Denoising, IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, early access, 2024.

  • H. Cui, A. Liu, C. Li, R. Qian, Xun Chen, A Dual-Branch Interactive Fusion Network to Remove Artifacts from Single-Channel EEG, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, early access, 2024.

  • Y. Li, A. Liu, J. Yin, C. Li, Xun Chen, A Segmentation-Denoising Network for Artifact Removal from Single-Channel EEG, IEEE Sensors Journal, 23, 15115-15127, 2023.

  • J. Yin, A. Liu, C. Li, R. Qian, Xun Chen, Frequency Information Enhanced Deep EEG Denoising Network for Ocular Artifact Removal, IEEE Sensors Journal, 22, 21855-21865, 2022.

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